01
Profile
Map the rider’s static capacity, dynamic pattern and usable ventilatory margin.
Ventilatory performance · professional cycling
Profile.Analyse.Train.Transfer to the field.
Field-based ventilatory profiling and longitudinal VST for WorldTour and ProTeam cyclists.
Independent field research · integrated with performance and medical staff
VST · INDIVIDUAL DECISION CHAIN
01
ProfilingStatic + dynamic capacity
02
Analysis & decisionMargin · limiter · priority
03
TrainingIndividual VST prescription
04
Field transferMonitor · recalibrate · report
12years exercise physiology
140articles
1integrated monograph
WTWorldTour & ProTeam
The VST workflow
One chain. Four decisions.
The method does not begin with a ventilatory drill. It begins by identifying whether a meaningful ventilatory margin exists for this rider.
02
Analyse
Cross-check ventilation, gas exchange, cardiac response, muscle oxygenation and field context.
03
Train
Build an individual VST programme around the rider’s actual limiter and competitive demands.
04
Transfer to the field
Monitor the pattern outdoors, under heat, altitude, position, fatigue and race-specific load.
Evidence architecture
Field observations, labelled by level of proof.
Repository deposits, preprints, submitted manuscripts and internal benchmarks are separated—not blended into a single claim of validation.
PUBLISHED · ZENODO · OPEN ACCESS
Open the research programme →Ventilatory Strategies Training (VST) — An Integrated Approach to Ventilatory Function as a Performance Driver in Endurance Athletes
Integrated monograph
DOI 10.5281/zenodo.19791326↗PUBLISHED · ZENODOEffects of Respiratory Muscle Training and Ventilatory Strategies on the Performance of Professional Cyclists
n=10 UCI WorldTour cyclists · 48-week longitudinal analysis
DOI 10.5281/zenodo.16645438↗PREPRINT · SPORTRXIV · VERSION 1Effects of Nasal versus Oral Breathing on Ventilatory Efficiency at the First Ventilatory Threshold in Elite Endurance Athletes
n=13 elite male athletes · n=2 female cyclists exploratory
DOI 10.51224/SportRxiv.740↗The operational standard
Individualised. Measured. Transferred.
The athlete does not adapt to a generic ventilatory model. The ventilatory strategy is built from the rider’s own profile, then monitored inside normal training.
100% individualisedEvery target is calculated from the athlete’s own data.
Normal training. Full data.The rider trains; HNS monitors, analyses and recalibrates.
Selected HNS evidence visual
What VST delivers.
Outcomes remain attached to their study design, sample and level of evidence. The visual language supports the result—it does not replace the methodology.
Read the evidence framework →
Individualised by design
Profile broadly. Train only where the margin is real.
Profiling identifies whether an actionable ventilatory margin exists, where it sits and whether VST should become a performance priority.